What happens to unrealized holdings in equity investments of 20-50%?

In the context of equity investments where ownership is between 20% and 50%, the company's investment is typically classified using the equity method. Under this method, the investor recognizes its proportionate share of the investee's earnings or losses, which affects the carrying amount of the investment on the balance sheet.

However, unrealized gains and losses related to these equity investments are not recognized in the income statement. The rationale behind this is that, while the investor does exert significant influence over the investee, the accounting standards require that only realized profits and losses be reflected in income. Unrealized gains and losses, which occur from fluctuations in the fair value of the investment without actual sale, remain unrecognized. Therefore, they do not impact the profits until they are realized through sale.

Thus, unrealized holdings in equity investments of this magnitude do not affect the income statement and remain unrecognized, aligning with the correct choice provided.